#Bash 的 shred 命令

shred [OPTION]... FILE...

功能

粉碎文件数据（使用随机数据多次覆盖磁盘数据）以避免被恢复。

类型

可执行文件（/usr/bin/shred），属于 coreutils。

参数

OPTION 选项：
- -f, --force - 强制执行，如有必要，会修改文件的权限
- -n, --iterations=N - 覆盖 N 次数据；默认为 3
- --random-source=FILE - 从 FILE 文件获取随机数据
- -s, --size=N - 粉碎 N 字节数据；支持 K M G 等单位后缀
- -u - 粉碎后删除文件
- --remove[=HOW] - 粉碎后删除文件，并指定怎样删除目录
  - unlink - 使用标准的 unlink 调用
  - wipe - 并且首先对名称中的字节进行混淆
  - wipesync - 并且将混淆后的字节同步到设备（默认）
- -v, --verbose - 显示进度
- -x, --exact - 不要将文件大小向上取整到一个标准块；对于非普通文件默认开启
- -z, --zero - 最后额外使用全零覆盖一次
- --help - 显示帮助
- --version - 显示版本
FILE - 文件列表

#示例

$ shred 1.txt               # 覆盖 1.txt 的数据 3 次（默认）
$ shred -n 10 -z 1.txt      # 覆盖 1.txt 的数据 10 次，然后用全零额外覆盖一次
$ shred -u 1.txt            # 覆盖 1.txt 的数据，然后将其删除

#相关命令

命令	说明
rm	删除文件
rmdir	删除目录
unlink	删除文件

#推荐阅读

#手册

SHRED(1)                         User Commands                        SHRED(1)

NAME
       shred - overwrite a file to hide its contents, and optionally delete it

SYNOPSIS
       shred [OPTION]... FILE...

DESCRIPTION
       Overwrite  the specified FILE(s) repeatedly, in order to make it harder
       for even very expensive hardware probing to recover the data.

       If FILE is -, shred standard output.

       Mandatory arguments to long options are  mandatory  for  short  options
       too.

       -f, --force
              change permissions to allow writing if necessary

       -n, --iterations=N
              overwrite N times instead of the default (3)

       --random-source=FILE
              get random bytes from FILE

       -s, --size=N
              shred this many bytes (suffixes like K, M, G accepted)

       -u     deallocate and remove file after overwriting

       --remove[=HOW]
              like -u but give control on HOW to delete;  See below

       -v, --verbose
              show progress

       -x, --exact
              do not round file sizes up to the next full block;

              this is the default for non-regular files

       -z, --zero
              add a final overwrite with zeros to hide shredding

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

       Delete  FILE(s)  if  --remove (-u) is specified.  The default is not to
       remove the files because it is common to operate on device  files  like
       /dev/hda,  and those files usually should not be removed.  The optional
       HOW parameter indicates how to remove a directory  entry:  'unlink'  =>
       use  a  standard  unlink call.  'wipe' => also first obfuscate bytes in
       the name.  'wipesync' => also sync each obfuscated byte to the  device.
       The default mode is 'wipesync', but note it can be expensive.

       CAUTION:  shred  assumes the file system and hardware overwrite data in
       place.  Although this is  common,  many  platforms  operate  otherwise.
       Also,  backups and mirrors may contain unremovable copies that will let
       a shredded file be recovered later.  See the GNU coreutils  manual  for
       details.

AUTHOR
       Written by Colin Plumb.

REPORTING BUGS
       GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright  ©  2023  Free Software Foundation, Inc.  License GPLv3+: GNU
       GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This is free software: you are free  to  change  and  redistribute  it.
       There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
       Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/shred>
       or available locally via: info '(coreutils) shred invocation'

GNU coreutils 9.4                 April 2024                          SHRED(1)

#Bash 的 shred 命令

#示例

#相关命令

#推荐阅读

#手册

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