#Bash 的 dirname 命令

dirname OPTION... NAME...

功能

提取文件路径中的目录（从文件路径中删除最后一个组成部分）。

类型

可执行文件（/usr/bin/dirname），属于 coreutils。

参数

OPTION 选项：
- -z, --zero - 以空字符（\0）作为行的结尾，而不是换行符（\n）
- --help - 显示帮助
- --version - 显示版本
NAME - 文件路径列表；不要求文件存在

#示例

绝对路径

$ dirname /path/to/file.txt
/path/to
$ dirname /path/to
/path
$ dirname /path
/
$ dirname /         # 根目录会得到自身
/

相对路径

$ dirname ./path/to/file.txt
./path/to
$ dirname path/to/file.txt
path/to
$ dirname ./path/../path/to/file.txt
./path/../path/to

只会删除路径的最后一个组成部分，不会简化路径

#相关命令

命令	说明
basename	从文件路径中去除目录和后缀
realpath	解析路径

#推荐阅读

#手册

DIRNAME(1)                       User Commands                      DIRNAME(1)

NAME
       dirname - strip last component from file name

SYNOPSIS
       dirname [OPTION] NAME...

DESCRIPTION
       Output each NAME with its last non-slash component and trailing slashes
       removed;  if  NAME contains no /'s, output '.' (meaning the current di‐
       rectory).

       -z, --zero
              end each output line with NUL, not newline

       --help display this help and exit

       --version
              output version information and exit

EXAMPLES
       dirname /usr/bin/
              -> "/usr"

       dirname dir1/str dir2/str
              -> "dir1" followed by "dir2"

       dirname stdio.h
              -> "."

AUTHOR
       Written by David MacKenzie and Jim Meyering.

REPORTING BUGS
       GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
       Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT
       Copyright © 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.   License  GPLv3+:  GNU
       GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
       This  is  free  software:  you  are free to change and redistribute it.
       There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO
       basename(1), readlink(1)

       Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/dirname>
       or available locally via: info '(coreutils) dirname invocation'

GNU coreutils 9.4                 April 2024                        DIRNAME(1)

#Bash 的 dirname 命令

#示例

#相关命令

#推荐阅读

#手册

显示