#Bash 的 realpath 命令
realpath [OPTION]... FILE...
功能
解析路径。
类型
可执行文件(/usr/bin/realpath),属于 coreutils。
参数
OPTION选项:-e,--canonicalize-existing- 路径的所有组成部分都必须存在-m,--canonicalize-missing- 路径的所有组成部分都可以不存在-L,--logical- 逻辑路径;在跟踪符号链接之前解析..-P,--physical- 物理路径;在跟踪符号链接之后解析..(默认)-q,--quiet- 忽略大部分错误信息--relative-to=DIR- 打印相对于DIR的相对路径--relative-base=DIR- 如果路径在DIR内,则相对路径,否则打印绝对路径-s,--strip,--no-symlinks- 不展开符号链接-z,--zero- 以空字符(\0)作为行的结尾,而不是换行符(\n)--help- 显示帮助--version- 显示版本
FILE- 文件路径
#示例
绝对路径
$ pwd # 查看当前路径
/home/user/primers
$ realpath -m ./file.txt
/home/user/primers/file.txt
$ realpath -m ../data/../config/./settings.yaml
/home/user/config/settings.yaml
相对路径
$ pwd # 查看当前路径
/home/user/primers
$ realpath -m --relative-to=/home/user ./file.txt # 打印相对于 /home/user 的路径
primers/file.txt
$ realpath -m --relative-to=/home/user2 ./file.txt # 打印相对于 /home/user2 的路径
../user/primers/file.txt
$ realpath -m --relative-base=/home/user ./file.txt # 在 /home/user 内,打印相对于 /home/user 的路径
primers/file.txt
$ realpath -m --relative-base=/home/user2 ./file.txt # 不在 /home/user 内,打印绝对路径
/home/user/primers/file.txt
符号链接
$ pwd # 查看当前路径
/home/user/primers
$ ln -s /usr/lib lib # 创建符号链接
$ ls -l lib
lrwxrwxrwx 1 planc planc 8 Oct 31 14:06 lib -> /usr/lib
$ realpath ./lib # 跟踪符号链接(默认)
/usr/lib
$ realpath -s ./lib # 不跟踪符号链接
/home/user/primers/lib
$ realpath ./lib/.. # 在跟踪符号链接之后解析 ..(默认)
/usr
$ realpath -L ./lib/.. # 在跟踪符号链接之前解析 ..
/home/user/primers
#相关命令
#推荐阅读
#手册
REALPATH(1) User Commands REALPATH(1)
NAME
realpath - print the resolved path
SYNOPSIS
realpath [OPTION]... FILE...
DESCRIPTION
Print the resolved absolute file name; all but the last component must
exist
-e, --canonicalize-existing
all components of the path must exist
-m, --canonicalize-missing
no path components need exist or be a directory
-L, --logical
resolve '..' components before symlinks
-P, --physical
resolve symlinks as encountered (default)
-q, --quiet
suppress most error messages
--relative-to=DIR
print the resolved path relative to DIR
--relative-base=DIR
print absolute paths unless paths below DIR
-s, --strip, --no-symlinks
don't expand symlinks
-z, --zero
end each output line with NUL, not newline
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
AUTHOR
Written by Padraig Brady.
REPORTING BUGS
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU
GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
SEE ALSO
readlink(1), readlink(2), realpath(3)
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/realpath>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) realpath invocation'
GNU coreutils 9.4 April 2024 REALPATH(1)